AVASCULAR NECROSIS

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What is Avascular Necrosis?

A lack of blood supply causes avascular necrosis, or osteonecrosis, characterized by the death of bone tissue. Without adequate blood flow, bone cells weaken and the affected bone collapses, often leading to numerous small cracks and breaks within its structure, resulting in significant functional impairment and pain.

Various factors can trigger the development of avascular necrosis. Trauma, such as joint dislocations or fractures, disrupts the blood vessels supplying the bone, depriving it of essential nutrients and oxygen. This interruption in blood flow causes cell death and the progression of avascular necrosis. Additionally, certain medical conditions and treatments elevate the risk of developing the condidtion. For instance, individuals who frequently consume alcohol or take high doses of steroid medications for prolonged periods face an increased risk.

Although avascular necrosis can affect individuals of any age, it is more prevalent among those aged between 30 and 50 years old. Nonetheless, it can also impact younger individuals, particularly those with underlying medical conditions or predisposing risk factors. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing symptoms and preventing complications associated with this debilitating

How is Avascular Necrosis diagnosed?

During a physical examination, a doctor assesses for signs of avascular necrosis by palpating around the joints to check for tenderness. Additionally, they manipulate the joints through various positions to evaluate the range of motion and determine if there are any limitations or restrictions. If the doctor suspects the conditio based on the physical exam findings or the patient’s symptoms, they may order imaging tests to confirm the diagnosis. These imaging tests, including X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or computed tomography (CT) scans, provide detailed images of the affected bones and surrounding tissues. These diagnostic tests enable the doctor to visualize any abnormalities, such as changes in bone structure or signs of bone death, indicative of avascular necrosis. Early detection through physical examination and imaging tests is crucial for prompt diagnosis and appropriate management of the condition to prevent further complications and preserve joint function.

Avascular Necrosis Treatment

Avascular necrosis (AVN) treatment aims to restore blood flow to the affected bone and prevent further bone damage. One common approach is the use of medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to manage pain and reduce inflammation. Bisphosphonates may also be prescribed to slow bone loss.

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in AVN treatment by improving joint function and reducing pain through targeted exercises. In some cases, core decompression surgery is performed to remove part of the inner bone, which reduces pressure and stimulates blood flow to the affected area.

For more advanced cases, bone grafting might be necessary to replace the damaged bone with healthy bone tissue. In severe instances, joint replacement surgery becomes the best option to restore function and alleviate pain.

Early diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan, developed in consultation with an orthopedic specialist, are vital to effectively managing AVN and improving the patient’s quality of life.

Avascular Necrosis Recovery

Recovering from avascular necrosis (AVN) involves a comprehensive approach tailored to the condition’s severity and the chosen treatment. Initially, patients may need to restrict weight-bearing activities to prevent further bone damage, often relying on crutches or braces for joint support. This rest period is crucial for bone healing and to reduce the risk of collapse.

Physical therapy plays a vital role in recovery, focusing on exercises that enhance joint mobility, strength, and overall function. These exercises gradually increase as the bone heals, ensuring the joint regains its full range of motion and stability.

Pain management is also critical, often involving medications like NSAIDs to manage discomfort. Regular follow-up appointments with the orthopedic specialist are necessary to monitor healing progress and adjust treatment as needed.

Full recovery may take several months, depending on AVN severity and treatment type. With consistent care and adherence to the rehabilitation plan, many patients achieve significant pain relief and improved joint function.

Imaging tests

X-rays
MRI and CT scan
Bone scan

If you would like to speak to a Precision Orthopedic Specialist in the North Texas Area, give us a call at 817-697-4038, or contact us over the web. Telemedicine appointments are also available.