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PIP Joint Arthrodesis

If you need a PIP joint arthrodesis, please Schedule an appointment with one of our orthopedic specialists as soon as possible.

What is PIP Joint Arthrodesis?

PIP (proximal interphalangeal) joint arthrodesis is a surgical procedure that fuses the bones in the PIP joint. This joint, located between the first and second bones in the fingers or toes, may require fusion due to pain, dysfunction, or deformity caused by conditions like arthritis, fractures, or joint instability. When other treatments, such as joint replacement or conservative care, fail to alleviate symptoms, surgeons typically recommend arthrodesis.

Indications for PIP Joint Arthrodesis

PIP joint arthrodesis is commonly performed in the following cases:

  • Arthritis: Advanced osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis can severely damage the cartilage and bones, resulting in pain, stiffness, and deformity. If conservative treatments do not provide relief, arthrodesis offers a viable option to reduce pain and prevent further joint damage.

  • Severe Fractures: Fractures or dislocations often destabilize the joint. When internal fixation is not sufficient to repair the joint, arthrodesis may restore its function and alleviate chronic pain.

  • Joint Instability: Chronic instability, caused by ligament damage or soft tissue injuries, leads to persistent pain and impaired function. Arthrodesis can stabilize the joint, improving strength and reducing pain.

  • Deformity: Conditions like Dupuytren’s contracture or congenital malformations can cause deformities. Arthrodesis not only enhances finger function but also improves the overall appearance of the affected digit.

The Surgical Procedure

The process of PIP joint arthrodesis involves removing damaged cartilage and fusing the bones together. The procedure generally follows these steps:

  • Anesthesia: To ensure the patient’s comfort, the surgeon administers local or general anesthesia.

  • Incision: A small incision is made over the PIP joint to allow access to the joint space.

  • Cartilage Removal: The surgeon removes any diseased cartilage to prepare the bones for fusion.

  • Bone Alignment and Fixation: The bones are carefully aligned in the optimal functional position. To hold them in place while they heal, the surgeon uses screws, plates, or pins.

  • Closure: After securing the bones, the surgeon closes the incision with sutures. To promote proper healing, the hand or foot is immobilized using a splint or cast.

Rehabilitation and Recovery

After surgery, the affected finger or toe remains immobilized for several weeks to allow the bones to heal. The patient will receive pain management medications and post-surgery care instructions.

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the recovery process. Once the healing phase begins, rehabilitation exercises focus on regaining strength, flexibility, and function in the surrounding muscles and joints. However, since the fused PIP joint will no longer move, rehabilitation aims to improve overall hand or foot function and compensate for the loss of motion.

PIP joint arthrodesis effectively addresses chronic pain and dysfunction caused by arthritis, fractures, instability, or deformity. Although the procedure results in the permanent loss of joint motion, it offers significant pain relief and enhances overall hand or foot function.

 

If you would like to speak to an Orthopedic Specialist, give us a call at 817-697-4038, or contact us over the web. Tele-medicine appointments are also available.