Proximal Humerus Fracture
If you may be suffering from a Proximal Humerus Fracture, don’t hesitate to Schedule an appointment with one of our orthopedic specialists as soon as possible.
What is a Proximal Humerus Fracture?
A proximal humerus fracture refers to a break in the upper portion of the humerus, the long bone that connects the shoulder to the elbow. The fracture affects the area near the shoulder joint, where the humeral head meets the socket of the shoulder blade. Specialists classify these fractures based on the location and pattern of the break, including injuries involving the humeral head, surgical neck, anatomical neck, or greater and lesser tuberosities.
Proximal humerus fractures can range from simple breaks with minimal bone movement to complex fractures involving multiple bone fragments and joint disruption. These injuries can affect shoulder stability and function because the proximal humerus supports the muscles, tendons, and structures that allow arm movement. Doctors evaluate the fracture pattern and alignment to determine the most appropriate treatment approach.
Symptoms of a Proximal Humerus Fracture
People with a proximal humerus fracture often experience symptoms that affect shoulder movement and arm function. The severity of symptoms depends on the fracture pattern, the amount of bone displacement, and the structures involved around the shoulder joint.
Symptoms may include:
- Shoulder pain that increases with arm movement or pressure
- Swelling around the shoulder and upper arm
- Bruising across the shoulder, upper arm, or chest area
- Limited mobility that makes lifting or rotating the arm difficult
- Weakness in the affected arm during movement
- Tenderness around the upper portion of the humerus
- Deformity around the shoulder when fractures cause bone displacement
- Numbness or tingling when the injury affects nearby nerves
- Difficulty using the arm for daily activities such as reaching or carrying objects
Causes of a Proximal Humerus Fracture
Proximal humerus fractures commonly develop when strong forces affect the upper portion of the arm bone near the shoulder joint. Falls onto an outstretched arm or directly onto the shoulder can place enough stress on the bone to create a fracture. High-impact events, such as motor vehicle accidents or sports-related trauma, can also cause significant breaks. Older adults with weakened bone density may experience fractures from lower-impact falls, while younger individuals often sustain these injuries after more forceful trauma. Repetitive stress and certain medical conditions that weaken bone strength can also increase the risk of developing a proximal humerus fracture.
Treatment Options for a Proximal Humerus Fracture
Mild proximal humerus fractures often heal with nonsurgical treatment when the bone fragments remain properly aligned and the shoulder maintains stability. Specialists may recommend wearing a sling to support the arm, limiting activities that place stress on the shoulder, and using pain management methods during the early healing period. Physical therapy helps patients gradually restore shoulder movement, strength, and flexibility as the fracture heals. Specialists typically monitor progress with follow-up imaging to confirm proper bone healing and recovery.
Severe proximal humerus fractures that involve significant displacement, multiple bone fragments, or damage to the shoulder joint may require surgical treatment. Surgeons may perform open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using plates and screws to realign and stabilize the broken bones. Some complex fractures may require shoulder replacement procedures when the joint surface suffers extensive damage. After surgery, patients follow rehabilitation programs that focus on restoring motion, rebuilding strength, and improving long-term shoulder function.
If you have any questions for our DFW orthopedic specialists, give us a call at 817-697-4038, or contact us online. Telemedicine appointments are also available.
